Ashlee Allan
Section 017
2 essays
09/10/10
ESSAY #1:
Ethos:
1. "You won’t believe your parents, you won’t pay any attention to your teachers and counselors, so I”LL try." (Page 1). This demonstrates an appeal to credibility by showing how the author is going to try to make her point.
2. "Allow me to tell you what is happening while it’s happening and maybe you can do something about it." (Page 1). This demonstrates an appeal to credibility by showing what she knows.
3. "As Senator Bud Olson and last weekend at a conference on Women, the Law and the Economy: “Opportunities and freedoms flow from economic independence. " (page 2). This demonstrates an appeal to credibility by getting another point of view from someone important like the Senator.
4. "Almost in the same breath he said that women are “discouraged” from entering science and math courses, yet those fields provide one of the fastest ways to economic independence for women. " (page 2). This demonstrates an appeal to credibility by having the Senator say something about the subject because he’s important.
5. "But it’s even more unfair to condemn yourself to always being treated as a 14 year old, which is about the level of treatment that uneducated, un-skilled workers are afforded." (page 3). This demonstrates an appeal to credibility by showing the facts that the author knows.
ESSAY #1:
Pathos:
1. "You may well meet Mr. Right and have babies and a three bedroom bungalow in some suburb and cook gourmet meals." (page 1). This demonstrates an appeal to emotion by showing a typical girls dream and using family.
2. "He may say he will love you and support you and let you stay at home and bring up babies, but the cold hard statistics call him a liar." (page 1). This demonstrates an appeal to emotion by using family again and fooling around with your emotions by using the “love of your life” and how what he says is a lie.
3. "If you buy the “unfeminine” label you are condemning yourself to that ghetto reserved for women who still believe it’s cute to be stupid." (page 2). This demonstrates an appeal to emotion by using a little bit of sarcasm.
4. "By dropping science and mathematics, girls eliminate at least half of their job opportunities for the future, and if that isn’t frightening, consider the economic implications." (page 2). This demonstrates an appeal to emotion by trying to scare girls.
5. "Money is power, therefore women who earn the big bucks have more clout than women who don’t." (page 2). This demonstrates an appeal to emotion by quoting a powerful statement.
ESSAY #1:
Logos:
1. "You will work for about 30 years of your life." (page 1). This demonstrates an appeal to logic by using a fact that is true about a majority of people.
2. "Over 80 percent of women spend up to 30 years in the work force." (page 2). This demonstrates an appeal to logic by using a real fact that uses percentages.
3. "On average, women earn 40 percent less than men." (page 2). This demonstrates an appeal to logic by using a percentage.
4. "Half of Canada’s families with two wage earners bring homeless than $15,000 a year." (page 2). This demonstrates an appeal to logic by numbers such as a price of something.
5. "Most women work in clerical, secretarial or unskilled jobs." (page 2). This demonstrates an appeal to logic by using a fact that can apply to everybody.
ESSAY #2:
Ethos:
1. "Researchers also believe that stereotypes can lower girls’ aspirations for science and engineering careers over time." (Page 1). This demonstrates an appeal to credibility by using information from a dependable source.
2. "Research highlighted in this report, however, documents that individuals’ spatial skills consistently improve dramatically in a short time with a simple training course." (Page 2). This demonstrates an appeal to credibility by...
3. "Research profiled in this report demonstrates that small improvements by physics and computer science departments, such as providing a broader overview of the field in introductory courses, can add up to big gains in female student recruitment and retention." (page 2). This demonstrates an appeal to credibility by using a resource that can be believed.
4. "Research described in this report provides evidence that women are less satisfied with the academic workplace and more likely to leave it earlier in their careers than their male counterparts are." (page 2). This demonstrates an appeal to credibility by showing that research has gone into this fact.
5. "Research profiled in this report shows that people judge women to be less competent than men in “male” jobs unless they are clearly successful in their work." (page 3). This demonstrates an appeal to credibility by using professionals’ research and proving a fact.
ESSAY #2:
Pathos:
1. "One finding shows that when teachers and parents tell girls that their intelligence can expand with experience and learning, girls do better on math tests and are more likely to say they want to continue to study math in the future." (page 1). This demonstrates an appeal to emotion by showing the influence that families have influences on each other.
2. "By creating a “growth mindset” environment, teachers and parents can encourage girls’ achievement and interest in math and science." (page 1). This demonstrates an appeal to emotion by using an example that is important such as family and the support they can give.
3. "Research profiled in this report shows that negative stereotypes about girls’ abilities in math can indeed measurably lower girls’ test performance." (page 1). This demonstrates an appeal to emotion by showing that stereotypes usually have a negative influence on people, especially girls and it matters to girls what other people think of them, so if they are not being treated right, it can have a negative influence.
4. "By emphasizing that girls and boys achieve equally well in math and science, parents and teachers can encourage girls to assess their skills more accurately." (page 2). This demonstrates an appeal to emotion by using family and their impact.
5. "This Bias not only affects individuals’ attitudes toward others but may also influence girls’ and women’s likelihood of cultivating their own interest in math and science." (page 3). This demonstrates an appeal to emotion by showing that girls are influenced so easily just by the way they are treated and instead of just ignoring it they take it to heart and they let that influence their decisions.
ESSAY #2:
Logos:
1. "The number of women in science and engineering is growing, yet men continue to outnumber women, especially at the upper levels of these professions." (page 1). This demonstrates an appeal to logic by using real statistics.
2. "By graduation, men outnumber women in nearly every science and engineering field, and in some, such as physics, engineering, and computer science, the difference is dramatic, with women earning only 20 percent of bachelor’s degrees." (page 1). This demonstrates an appeal to logic by using real percentages of the number of bachelor degrees women earn.
3. "Drawing on a large and diverse body of research, this report presents eight recent research findings that provide evidence that social and environmental factors contribute to the under representation of women in science and engineering.," (page 1). This demonstrates an appeal to logic by using real facts from research.
4. "Thirty years ago there were 13 boys for every girl who scored above 700 on the SAT math exam at age 13: today the ratio has shrunk to about 3:1." (page 1). This demonstrates an appeal to logic by using actual scores and ratios from the past.
5. "One result of girls’ lower self-assessment of their math ability- even in the face of good grades and test scores- and their higher standards for performance is that fewer girls than boys aspire to STEM careers." (page 2). This demonstrates an appeal to logic by showing how fewer girls than boys do stem careers. They use statistics and facts.
I personally think that the most effective essay is the Science Courses Key to Future Jobs. It is more effective because it’s easier to understand and agree with when the author has experience and makes it interesting. The other essay is effective as well but its more words than anything. It doesn’t play with emotion and it doesn’t have as many examples of logic as the Science Courses Key to Future Jobs. When you are trying to be effective as an author, you need to get people to listen to you, you need to get them on your side and feel the emotions you want them to feel. She relates to an everyday girl and her facts are full of information and straight to the point. Catherine Ford the author has knowledge about the subject, she knows what she is talking about and she knows how to catch the readers’ attention. She also uses Senator Bud Olson as a way to make the article more believable and real. When you use someone who is “important” and has experience, people are more willing to listen and believe. So I think that the essay Science Courses Key to Future Jobs is the more effective essay.
